• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A process and electrolytic cell are described for the production of aluminum whereby the feeding of the cell with fresh alumina, including the breaking of the crust of solidified electrolyte, is carried out in at least one space running transverse to the longitudinal axis of the cell.
    公开号:SU828979A3
    申请号:SU782628949
    申请日:1978-06-26
    公开日:1981-05-07
    发明作者:Мойкс Херманн；Штурм Альфред
    申请人:Швейцарише Алюминиум Аг (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    It is possible to distinguish it from ordinary icing at obscurantism with the “anodic effect. Obtained by an electrolytic bundle; Aluminum, which is halogenated on the coal bottom of the cell, is usually one or several times a day removed from the wire with a special selective device.
    In order to maintain the cell for many years, the crust of solidified rasil between the anodes and the side collar of the cell electrolyzer was crushed, then added fresh alumina 1. This hitherto HiHpoKo method has been criticized all sick and sick because of air pollution. Nsche D.: 1 E. Electroli. For and out of the outmost atmosphere. Over the past few years, the demand for the sealing of electrolysis waii, as well as for the treatment of exhaust gases, has increased. However, the complete retention of electrolysis gases in such a way cannot be guaranteed. In particular, when the maintenance of the lateral side panels is ensured by anodes and side collar.
    Recently, the proliferation of the maintenance of an ectctrolizer with its central longitudinal axis has been achieved.
    Thus, an electrolyzer is known for producing aluminum by an electroline of a kryolto-alumina melt, comprising a lined bath with a two-row arrangement of baked anodes and equipped with an automatic device for crushing n / or loading aluminium oxide. The device for the maintenance: elect the electrolyzer assembly with the possibility of non-displacement along the longitudinal axis along the center wavelength | 2.
    The experience of servicing electrolyzers from cent1) has shown that these systems fail to cause serious problems, in particular, the poor solubility of the loaded IMN earth, which leads to the formation of a thick layer on the bottom of the cell and the formation of hard crusts on the side of the cathode.
    When servicing the bath from the center, at the site of alumina addition, a non-sunsing agent is formed at the beginning, which can gradually become non-electrolytically into the electron-insulating crust. This causes irregularities in the operation of the electrolyzers and a reduction in the service life of the electrolysis cells, in particular, due to the wear of the side walls of the hot cathode. This wear is a result of the movement of a metal caused by magicism, which, in turn, is caused by local patients differences in current density. The purpose of isotope is to better dissolve the added alumina, as well as optimally distribute the current density in the metal with simultaneous economic and environmental aspects.
    To this end, servicing the cell, including crushing of the crust from a hot melt and adding alumi oxide, wastes, is measured, in megapolis, in one service zone, transversely to the longitudinal base.
    The proposed electrolyzer is different: from a known electrolyzer with a double-row anode arrangement and equipped with an automatic crushing unit and / or loading of alumina by the fact that between two adjacent anodes there is one row and at least one; a cell for servicing an electric | isera, and a device for punching a crust or nodachi of g / s nozem is located over a cad / cde of such a cell. In advance, when an even number of cells for servicing forms at least one observable servicing zone, which is located between two anode terminals across the entire electrical chassis. The number of such zones is approximately c (jc ;; iB, r, icT:. The number of anodes.
    The invention was based on the assumption that it is unreasonable to use the movement of the metal in the cell of the electrolyzer in order to achieve optimum dissolution of the added LI110c. By examining and measuring electromagnetic electromagnetic radiation e.1ectrodisero 5,) working on the basis of service 1 nvani with ue: ri-ra according to the level of technology, he / she / young. In most cases, in the furnaces, the motion of the metal is increased by increasing the temperature of the metal.
    When servicing the bath from the center, a neutral zone is formed, which coincides with the servicing axis, while the main stream flows along the side waiya flanks. These flow conditions are extremely disadvantageous for removing the delayed growth along the mainstream line. This is where the wear of the side shoulders .ch OT; I.) Is based on the alumina at the corners of Waiya.
    Ventilation cooling is carried out at service points of the cell. The artful cooling of the side walls is advantageously reflected in the power consumption.
    The addition of fluorinated salts of the type LiF or Mgr2 counteracts the formation of the acceptance conditions, and in this case the distance between the temperature ranges of Waiya and Sac1Tz1wapi increases.
    By appropriate modifications and .; According to the invention, after crushing of the crust in a distant crom / cutoc, also known as a cell and service zone, but at least at one non-axis axis. The usual electrolysis bath, the removal of two anodes located relative to each other | {and, with each other, is opposite to each other, makes it possible, by mixing the remaining anodes, to obtain a zoo for servicing 1, and all the cells and letting the earth into the cell 5
    Lenin, cross to the stove. This modular arrangement of the anodes can be dried without disconnecting.
    In each zone obtained, it is possible to break the crust and load alumina in it, along with the non-longitudinal axis of the bath.
    Due to the large number of possibilities for positioning the cells for servicing the alumina, it is imperative to liquefy them in the active areas of the metal flow, which even heals its rapid dissolution. The natural maintenance and aluminum conditions of the side shoulders will also be improved by lateral maintenance. Onn are formed by iodine by the induction of metal circulation in a manner similar to baths with a conventional service: - G.; n: fch on the side.
    in situ, 1 rdsdpochtitol) ib; anodes are located with three service areas extending all the way around the island;
    This preferred version of the mso-neni possesses in isolation from the vanities with service from and, the center follows the following 11 synchronicities:
    - 6 zones of alumina nodachn;
    - by increasing o-cool surface;
    - the possibility of modification of metal dip-s;
    - education of natural irises. conditions;
    - Iodine alumina blnzhe to the side shoulders (drll-:: metal);
    -u.meingeinsm distance between the wallpaper .1 And a series of aiods in the irodol direction of the cell of the electrolyzer.
    Another advantage of the proposed electrolytic cell is that it is not necessary to manufacture these aluminum anodes, iodine supports or bars. From the electrolysis cell, iairimer, from the nominal current of 140 kA and on the axis, you can remove, but at least one of the anodes, and the same, but at least two opposite anodes. In the rest of the needs and the rest of the anodes can be sped in momeiti stops and repairs along the beam bar B in order to obtain cells or zoi for the crossing of the services. The number of zones for servicing; cvviii, preferably, corresponds to two-thirds the number of remote atodov
    Above these zones for cross-serviced, or in them, well-known automatic devices for crushing and / or iodine of alumina can be considered.
    At regular occurrences during the aluminum electrolysis of anode effects, all e1: e which are used de) e6
    In other poles it is easy. You can load it in with non-terminal service, which means that the work is much easier compared to stoves with service from the center.
    All known systems for hermetic cell cleaning, optionally one or desirable but for sanitary or environmental considerations, are also suitable for baths with ionic servicing m.
    FIG. 1 shows a horizontal section of a modified 140 kA bath with non-suction servicing; on fng. 2 - a verticular incision g nodolgum nairavnnnn cells (section aa fng. D).
    The modular bathtub 1 (nominal current 140 kA) with a baked anodamn (Fig. I) is laid out with a hot-melt heater for insulating material 2 and carbon coating 3. The electrolysis cell contains 12 drug anodes (4), k) and one of the pairs of one ayod and electrode ; the original bath is non-temporary; a-) TC and is ergrued along the io anode bar. At the same time, a longitudinal side of the cell of the electrolyzer cell forms an irol: daily - cells in the service area. Above each zone there is 11% in it; from; There is a crushing device 5, which can be equipped with a dozolitelg, 1GO iodoiuyi gliozem device.
    The bath is zoned with fluoride disodiumiiOM- electrolyte 6. Separate from the aluminum satathode 7 aluminum and coal bottom 8 bath. Surface 9 aluminum;. is a cathode.
    In carbon oblast, however, the Herodolian nanravleiiiyu airopy, but the types are the same; There are 10 cathode bars 10, through which I0; ai electric current flows from the wind-breaker from the side to the outside.
    In the fluoride melt of the super-ionic anodes, the NCs of the amorphous carbon line, I draw Uie electrolyte with direct current. Anodes of irochio soediyeii with aydny bpyco; 11 through aiodia nglangn 12 and locks 1 :.
    The current flows from the cathode bars U) odio | 1 of the cells but (in the drawings i: e are depicted) to the anode bar} 11 sl.sduduiyuyakn. From the anode bar current flows through the aodic schtanga 12, anodes 4, electrolyte 6, liquid aluminum 7 n coal | ; D: oh about .appyuvke 3 to the cathode bars m 10.
    The electrolyte G is covered with a crust of 14 nz ZASTYV1NGO melt, on which there is 1 layer 15 of aluminum oxide. Between the electrolyte 6 and the solidification of the crust 14 during operation, 1G cavities are formed. On the side steaks, carbon facing 3 also has a crust solidifying its electrolyte, namely burt 17, which is also involved in adjusting the horizontal cross-section of the bath consisting of liquid alkaline 7 and electrolyte 6.
    The distance d of the lower side of the anode 18 from the aluminum surface 9, also denoted by the interpolar distance, can be varied by knotting or onekainain of the anode bar I 1 e P01 by means of lifting mechanisms that are mounted on the pillars (not shown on the drawings). During operation, the mechanisms, at the same time, rise simultaneously or all the anodes, respectively, lower. In addition, each anode can be individually adjusted but at a height of 1 locks 13 at the anode bar 1 not installed at the anode bar.
    The drive unit 19 for crushing the crust with a chisel 20, which has been rotated over the entire length of the anode, can be operated automatically by manual control. After crushing of the crust, the side plates 21 of the container 22 for lamination are opened. I, too, extends over the entire length of the anode, carrying a portion of the alumina 3 loaded into the container and poured into the crushed area.
    Although alumina can be loaded into the bath only in crushing tests with lateral service: with a nod, the crust 14 of the entire cell is covered with a layer of 15 alumina, which ensures the optimal thermal conditions of the furnace.
    The tansy part of the side shoulders 17, v, which turn seamlessly into the crust 14, forms advantageous receiving conditions for a wap with cross-section service.
    1. An electrolyzer for producing aluminum by electrolysis of cryolite-alumina raenlava, including a double-lined raco lined bath; by southerning baked anodes and equipped with an automatic device e; | I norkivki crust n / and-sch iodachi alumina, It is due to the fact that in order to dissolve the loaded alumina and the optimal distribution of 1P-1 current density in the metal, the non-longitudinal axis of the electrolyzer between two adjacent anodes is in one row provided for at least one cell of the cell. The device for irobivkorn and / or alumina feed is installed above each such cell.
    2. Electrolyzer io ir. 1, for example, that an even number of service cells form a new, one common service area located between the two anode beds but the entire Hirins of the electrolyzer.
    3.E.Chtrolizer but also. 2, distinguished, and with those 1, that 1; The electrolysis cell has three observational zones | a kn15ann.
    Information sources accepted for examination and examination
    1. Metallurgist reference for non-ferrous metals. Aluminum production. M., Metallurgi, 1971, p. 266-270.
    2. Patent Schweiglarn 488020, cl. From 22 d 3/12, onubl. 1970.
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    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    FORMULA AND , REVIEW
    1. An electrolyzer for producing aluminum by electrolysis of a cryolite-alumina melt, including a lined bath with a double row arrangement of calcined anodes and equipped with an automatic device for punching the crust and / or feeding alumina, characterized in
    10 that, in order to better dissolve the loaded alumina and to optimally distribute the current density in the metal, across the longitudinal axis of the electrolyzer between two adjacent anodes of the same row, 15 at least one cell for servicing the electrolyzer, and a device for punching the crust and / or feeding alumina installed above each such cell.
    [2]
    2. The electrolyzer but also. 1, which includes the fact that an even number of service cells forms at least one common service area located between two pairs of anodes along the entire width of the electron and grain.
    25 3. The electrolyzer but also. 2, characterized in that the electrolyzer has three common service areas.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    GB2000521A|1979-01-10|
    FR2396100A1|1979-01-26|
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    JPS5411821A|1979-01-29|
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    GB2000521B|1982-08-11|
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    NO782209L|1978-12-29|
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    ES471219A1|1979-01-16|
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    NL7806979A|1979-01-02|
    IT7824875D0|1978-06-22|
    US4172018A|1979-10-23|
    AU520373B2|1982-01-28|
    DE2731908B1|1978-12-07|
    NO151472C|1985-10-03|
    CH633048A5|1982-11-15|
    FR2396100B1|1980-04-04|
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    ZA783718B|1979-06-27|
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    引用文献:
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    CN106591886A|2016-08-05|2017-04-26|高德金|Height adjusting device for crust breaking air cylinder of aluminum electrolytic bath|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH795677A|CH633048A5|1977-06-28|1977-06-28|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING ALUMINUM.|
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